There aren't any theoretical physics papers on Time Compression for the simple reason that it's an insane concept to begin with. It's just a fantasy idea that the writers came up with.

Think about it properly for just a second - wouldn't compressing all moments in time together just be one great big paradox? All the events leading up to the point where Time Compression was triggered would be destroyed and thus would never have happened and then the TC would never have been triggered - cue loop. Likewise, all the future events after the trigger would never have occurred because they were destroyed... but how could they have been there to be destroyed or compressed because they never happened, paradox boom trout what.

Anyone claiming that they know it's possible is being bold, let alone saying they understand it.

Travelling close to the speed of light slows time down for the individual experiencing that speed, not the entire universe around them. Also, gravity slows down time but only an area surrounding it that's proportionate to its mass. Even then, the best you can do is grind time to a halt past the event horizon and that sure as hell doesn't compress all moments before and after it.

Time Compression is fantasy. It's 'magic'. Don't bother trying to understand it in any real world concept.