I've seen a topic like this before, but never really looked through it.
After looking through my Abstract Algebra and Number Theory book, I realize how mother nature likes to tell us how she works through math. What's more is that I realize that if there was a God that exists, his/his/its language is math(as Unne pointed out...I think).
Being a cashier at Safeway, I just scan the damn thing without much thought. Then as I researched how scanners worked, I was amazed as to how much number theory went into this. Not only that, all credit card numbers, and all check account numbers work like this...along with money orders, and serial numbers, etc. So essentially, with some simple modular arithmetic, I can determine a valid credit card number or a valid bank account number. I even tried this out at work, seeing why an item wouldn't scan in correctly, when I noticed that it did not fit the standards seen in UPC. It was a fake barcode created by a customer in hopes of getting a $60 slab of meat for $10. I brought this attention to my manager but he didn't know what the hell I was talking about...but eh. Too bad I had to give the customer the slab of meat for $10.
Now everytime I scan an item, I think "MODULAR ARITHMETIC!" It's amazing that just over 100 years ago, no one thought number theory would have any useful applications...now I can't imagine life without it. Maybe I'm just a geek and all, but hot diggity, math just rocks.
So yeah, I don't know if people care to discuss this or not...but what the hell.