Dwarves and elves have existed in folklore long before Tolkien saw the inside of his mother's womb. As for orcs, Tolkien did (as far as I know) come up with the word, and he played a big part in making them what they are today—although I don't think he imagined them being quite so slimy—but to begin with they were pretty much only a variation of goblins, the origins of which also long precedes Tolkien's lore.




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